Intercorrências da precarização do trabalho docente na saúde de professores do ensino médio

Abstract

This study grounds itself on a research that aimed to understand the relationship between the work conditions and the health of high school teachers working in the public school system of the city of Ituiutaba, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research used the questionnaire as methodology for data collection. The theoretical framework employed to better understand the subject analyzed includes, but is not limited to, authors such as Esteve (1999), Gasparini, Barreto and Asunción (2005) and Codo (2006), who discuss the working conditions and the teacher’s health; Oliveira (2006), Assunção and Oliveira (2009), who discuss educational restructuring, precariousness and intensification of the teaching work; and Oliveira (2010) and Costa and Oliveira (2011), which discuss about teaching work and high school. Based on the research undertaken, it was observed that the teachers' need to extend their working day in order to guarantee a more reasonable remuneration, revealing that there is an overload of work that affects this category of professionals, which is not related only to the activity of the classroom, since other demands have been added to the profession. Teachers expose the devaluation that the profession is suffering, the excessive number of students per classroom, the indiscipline of the students and the lack of pedagogical support. Thus, the analyzed results show the process of intensification and precarization of the working conditions imposed to this high school masters. Because of this precariousness of working conditions, physical and mental health problems affect the teachers, such as depression, stress, vocal and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as the processes called absenteeism, presenteism, self-intensification and self-responsibility. Therefore, the results obtained corroborate the understanding verified in the references studied and demonstrate that the process of intensification of the teaching work allied to the precarious conditions in which this work is developed causes damages to the physical and psychic health of the teachers who work in high school on the public school system in Ituiutaba, State of Minas Gerais.