Análise e proposições econômicas sobre opções gerenciais para resíduos biodegradáveis na cidade de Uberlândia/MG

Abstract

Currently, biodegradable waste is the most generated in Brazilian municipalities and in Uberlandia, it is no different. The management and treatment of this waste in this city is not a priority of the public administration, because of this, the objective of this work was to analyze and propose among the possible options of biodegradable solid waste management, landfill and composting, which is the most feasible of the point economic view for the city of Uberlandia / MG. The methodology was developed based on bibliographical research and field work, which was carried out at the City Hall of Uberlandia, Urban Cleaning Division, Urban Cleaning Concessionary, Uberlandia Landfill, Private Composting Company, Hospitals, Closed Condominiums, Schools , Restaurants, Sanitary Landfill Communities and Composting Area and Recyclable Material Pickers. From the data collected and analyzed, it was possible to choose two options for the disposal of biodegradable waste and to compare them in economic terms, showing which one is more viable the city, these options were the landfill and the composting. At the end of all the calculations, it has been proven that composting, whether made by the construction of a plant by the city hall or through a public-private partnership, is less economically costly to Uberlandia, than the use of the landfill. Being that the values found were: about 56 million per year with grounding of the biodegradable waste, whereas with the construction of a plant would be 13 to 19 million per year and with the partnership between 24 to 30 million per year. Between the construction of the plant and the partnership, the first option depends on fewer resources to happen, being an even more viable option. In terms of the opportunity cost, it has also been shown that the alternative option, composting, is better than the chosen option, landfill because it would generate resources and avoid waste by grounding the biodegradable waste. With the construction of the composting plant would be generated from resources or would be avoided spending in the amount of about 52 million per year and with the public-private partnership the value would be approximately 42 million per year. With this opportunity cost approach, it is possible to perceive that diverting the materials from the landfill and directing them to the alternative of the selective collection - composting - represents a better investment for the public power, with an economic return and benefits for society, superior to the model to land.