Manejo dos resíduos sólidos em Ituiutaba-MG: perspectivas e soluções

Abstract

The environmentally adequate final disposition of solid urban waste is one of the most important environmental problems that society coexists. Even before the constitution of the urban centers, the production of waste and its final disposal present a difficult solution. As an alternative to solve the environmental impacts caused by the growing generation of waste and its consequent adequate final disposition, on August 2nd, 2010, LEI No. 12,305, which instituted the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), was published. This policy establishes principles, objectives, instruments, goals and actions to be adopted by the public sector, the productive sector and civil society, aiming integrate the management and adequate environmental management of solid waste produced. The present research aimed to analyze the management of municipal solid waste in the municipality of Ituiutaba. Specific objectives included verifying the current status of final disposal of solid urban waste in Ituiutaba; quantification of the types of municipal solid waste produced; the evaluation of the existing selective collection program and the survey and mapping of the points of irregular disposal of urban solid waste. For this reserch was used as a methodology: bibliographic research, semi- structured interviews with the organizations responsible for solid waste management in the municipality, and fieldwork for location and photographic records. As a result of this study, it was detected that Ituiutaba has an infrastructure that meets the PNRS in relation to the environmentally appropriate disposal of the wastes, which is made in a landfill, also demonstrated that the municipality counts on a selective collection program that is executed by a cooperative of associates and that a solid urban waste management plan was created. As a result, it was noticed that the municipality suffers from the issues of irregular disposal of urban solid waste in inappropriate places and the disposal of Irregular Construction Waste (RCC) in the sanitary landfill, since it was not designed to receive this type of waste and this disposition represents approximately 60% of the total volume deposited in 2015. It was also found that the Public Ministry has taken affirmative action with the Municipality of Ituiutaba, in order to enforce the PNRS, mainly in relation to The regularization of the landfill, the establishment of a plant for sorting and composting, the execution of an environmental education project directed to the population, the creation of the Municipal Environment Office, among others.