Avaliação da concentração de oxalato de potássio no tratamento de Hipersensibilidade Dentinária Cervical: ensaio clínico randomizado triplo-cego

Abstract

Cervical Dentin Hypersensitivity (CDH) is characterized as an acute, provoked, short-lived pain originating from cervical dentin exposed to thermal, evaporative, tactile, osmotic and / or chemical stimuli, which cannot be attributed to any other form of defect or dental pathology. Currently, there are several types of desensitizers used in clinical practice to assist in the reduction of CDH, but still there is no specific protocol due to the scarcity of clinical studies that prove the effectiveness and long duration of the protocols. One of the agents that are used in the control of CDH is potassium oxalate, because it is a double action agent (neural and obliterator). However, there are no reports on the effect of higher concentrations of potassium oxalate evaluating its effectiveness in different numbers of sessions. The aim of this triple blind randomized clinical trial (split-mouth) evaluates the longevity and efficacy of two products potassium oxalate-based in two different concentrations, 10% and 5%, on the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH) in different sessions. Sixty-two teeth were randomly placed in 31 patients, with at least two teeth affected by CDH, according to the following groups: group A (potassium oxalate at 10%) and B (potassium oxalate at 5%). CDH level was initially assessed by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) first in a healthy tooth and shortly after in the CDH, 5 minutes after the desensitization protocol, which was carried out in four sessions, with a 48-hour interval between each one and a total follow-up time of 5 months. Statistical analyzes were performed using Kolmogorov Smirnov tests to verify the normality of the data, Friedman's repeated measure subsequently the Tukey's test to compare the different periods and the Wilcoxon's signal classification test to compare the groups (α = 0.05. In both groups, at least two sessions were required to promote a statistically significant CDH reduction in comparison with baseline. The desensitizing effect was maintained throughout the study. No significant differences between the groups were found at any assessment points. Both concentrations of potassium oxalate tested in this study can be considered an effective treatment for CDH, however, less than 4 sessions were sufficient to perform it. Beyond that, in both cases the efficacy was maintained for 5 months.