Análise do fator de potência medido em ambiente industrial contendo Geração Distribuída

Abstract

In April 2012, ANEEL Regulatory Resolution No. 482/2012, which allows Brazilian consumers to produce their own electric energy, and also permits, in the event of excessive production, this surplus is injected into the local distribution grid. It should be emphasized that the standards for the power factor defined by Module 8 of the PRODIST remain in force, however the regulatory resolution requires that the power factor of the Mini and Microgeneration inverters should be unitary with some variations according to the power and the grid connection form. In that way, there is an impasse before the situation, as with the only active power injection by the distributed generation, the active power consumption seen by the concessionaire decreases, and may even reach zero or reverse. On the other hand, the reactive power consumed by the installation remains virtually the same and consequently there is a reduction in the power factor, thereby requiring a new methodology for measuring the potency factor in these situations in particular. In this context, the present work aims to clarify the existing norms, mathematical calculations about this probable reduction in the power factor, and also includes a laboratory experiment on a scale that proves the subjects discussed in the study. In order to bring more realistic aspects to the questioning raised, it was also made a tariff calculation taking into consideration the actual tariffs applied to a hypothetical industrial system.