Armadilhas e atraentes para monitoramento de Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1987) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) em lavoura de café

Abstract

Brazil is the world's largest producer and exporter of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and coffee borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1987) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is the main pest of the fruit. This insect can make the export of coffee unviable due to the damage caused, and the monitoring of this pest in coffee plantations is essential for the producer to maintain quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the different colors of traps for coffee borer, associated to different types of allelochemicals used as an attractant for the pest. The experiment was carried out at the Campus Glória Experimental Farm, Federal University of Uberlândia. Commercial traps (Treatment 1) and 4 different types of low cost PET bottles traps, customized according to the IAPAR method, with different types of colors and mixing of semiochemicals (Treatment 2: transparent, with ethanol + methanol as semiochemicals; Treatment 3: transparent, with ethanol + methanol + coffee powder as semiochemicals; Treatment 4: red, with ethanol + methanol as semiochemicals; and Treatment 5: red, with ethanol + methanol + coffee powder as semiochemicals) were used, counting 5 treatments with 6 replicates each. The traps were monitored weekly and the captured insects were counted every fortnight. The results showed that, by the Tukey test, all treatments were statistically the same. The chi square distribution test showed a superiority of the treatments 2, 3 and 5 when compared with treatment 1, showing that the low cost traps were more efficient. Comparing the allelochemicals used, the statistical similarity between treatments 2 and 3 and a difference between the treatments 4 and 5 were verified, being that in transparent traps, the addition of coffee does not interfere in the capture of the coffee borer and in red traps, the addition of coffee increases the efficiency of the trap. Comparing the color, there was no difference between transparent and red traps, regardless of the semiochemicals used. Thus, the efficacy of low-cost traps for the monitoring of coffee borer has been verified. The coloration does not interfere with the trap and the addition of soluble coffee only assists in the capture of the insect when used in red traps.