Análise de emissões de poluentes em motores de combustão interna usando diferentes misturas entre etanol e gasolina

Abstract

This study had the objective of evaluating the emission rates of pollutants in a flex engine of the Otto cycle, using 3 different types of fuels. The pollutants evaluated were of those of the limits stipulated by the legislation in force in the country, these being carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and the carbon dioxide index, which was responsible for the problems related to global warming. The study consisted in evaluating the emission levels of a Fiat automobile engine, model Fire Flex 1.0, found at the Federal University of Uberlandia with the use of a gas analyzer called PC-Multigas of the manufacturer Napro. The tests were performed by altering the engine rotation in high and low, using a 50% mixture between gasoline and ethanol, and their purest forms possible to be found in the Brazilian market as well. The CO level decreased when ethanol was added to the mixture, due to more complete burning of the fuel. However, the CO2 level increased due to more developed combustion. HC, on the other hand, increased when the mixture between ethanol and gasoline was analyzed, connected to the decrease in the temperature of the final combustion gases, important for the oxidation of much of the remaining material. From the study proposal, it was observed that the variable with the greatest influence in the tests was the one of rotation, suggesting that different levels of this one could be applied in future studies.