Diálogo integrativo entre as terapias analítico-comportamental, cognitivo-comportametnal e narrativa de re-autoria

Abstract

The current research aims to analyze the feasibility of a integrative dialogue from the therapeutic relationship conceptualization constructed by exponents of the behavior-analytic, cognitive behavioral and narrative therapies. It is a qualitative research and also can be considered a study of psychotherapy integration, that searched for: 1) conceptualize therapeutic relationship from an interview with exponents of each therapy identified; 2) identify theoretical fundamentals that sustain these therapies to justify the relevance of the integrative dialogue with them in other psychotherapies; and 3) to explore the possibilities of a integrative dialogue from the conceptualization of therapeutic relationship constructed by therapy s exponents under study. Three exponents were invited of each of those therapeutic approaches and each one of them answered, based on his psychotherapic perspective, to an interview with nine questions (09) that concern about a therapeutic relationship. The interviews were individually analyzed and the text data was submitted to IRAMUTEQ, a software that allowed the analysis of words and, as a consequence, the identification of a conjunct of data based on the frequency of the reduced forms, whereby the analyses de similarity and the cloud of words were constructed. From the analyses made by IRAMUTEQ were identified semantic knots that allowed the construction of mind maps of respondents about the therapeutic relationship, according to their respective approaches. The associations between the semantic knots were analyzed from the hermeneutic technique, which made possible to transcend the objective meaning of the words and a deep analyses of the therapeutic relationship in each one of the interviews, reconstructing also as intentions of participants that answered to them. Based on the analyses of the interviews, it was possible to notice that, while in the behavior-analytic model there is place to the understanding of the therapeutic relationship not only as a helper of the therapeutic process, but also as the clinic changing mechanism itself, in the cognitive behavioral model it is considered as important as the techniques, and even more important in complex cases. In the narrative model such relation is considered a mechanism of changing in itself, considering that the central technique used on it is a relational one. It concludes that the integrative dialogue among the therapies analyzed in this paper is justifiable and are evidences of that: the pragmatism, in the behavior-analytic therapy; the definition of the knowledge as a construction forged by the language power and by the conception of the meaning as a relational construction and dependent of a cultural-historical context, in the narrative therapy; and the nature technically eclectic of the cognitive behavioral therapy. It suggests as main points to the integrative dialogue among these therapies: 1) the therapeutic relationship as a mechanism of clinic changing; 2) The directivity of therapist in the therapeutic process; 3) the technical eclecticism; e 4) The client and his therapeutic process. These central themes appear in the concepts of therapeutic relationship constructed by the participants and, it is believed, a integrative dialogue based on them maybe contribute to expressive transformations in each one of the these therapeutic models analyzed in this paper.