Análise in vitro da biocompatibilidade de três membranas bioabsorvíveis

Abstract

Physical and chemical characteristics of specific membranes may influence the regeneration of periodontal tissues using the principles of guided tissue regeneration (GTR). The aim of this study was to analyze cell viability and the presence of growth factor with immortalized osteoblasts and fibroblasts in contact with three commercial bioabsorbable membranes with different compositions and structures. An imported membrane made of polylactic acid (PLA), considered the gold standard , and two of bovine collagen type I (COL1 and COL2), membranes of national manufacture. The results were compared between the groups at different times of culture (04 and 24 hours), to verify that the collagen membranes have a favorable cell development. The control group was the bottom of the culture plate, without any biomaterial. Was performed permanent cell culture with human osteoblasts (SAOS-2) and fibroblast HGF, using both cultured medium. The viability of cells cultured on the membranes were evaluated using the MTT assay. The amount of growth factor TGF-β1 was determined by ELISA assay using the supernatants of cultured cells. The samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to verify behavior and cell adhesion. All analyzed biomaterials are biocompatible, since none of the membranes in the study had lower results than the control group. However, the PLA membranes allowed higher cell viability and showed higher values of growth rates and the membrane COL1 showed similar results with PLA cell viability and release of fibroblast growth factor osteoblasts.