Estudo sócio-demográfico e clínico patológico de 38 casos de Tumores Malignos Epiteliais de Glândulas Salivares de Seio Maxilar

Abstract

Tumors of salivary gland constitute among less than 10% of malignant neoplasms affecting paranasal sinuses. There are few statistics about these tumors of the maxillary sinus (MS) in the Brazilian population. This is a retrospective study of the salivary gland tumors of the MS attended from 1997 to 2006 at the Brazilian National Institute of Cancer (INCA/MS/Brasil), the main governmental center for cancer statistics. Methods: After histological review for diagnostic confirmation, medical files were assessed to gather demographic and clinical data from 38 patients presenting salivary gland tumors in the maxillary sinus. Results: The adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) was the most frequent histological type observed (63,1%), followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC) (18,4%). Furthermore, one case (2,6%) of carcinoma expleomorfic adenoma (CA ex-PA), 4 (10,5%) cases of polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA), 1 (2,6%) case of acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) and 1(2,6%) epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) were observed. The male to female ratio was 1:1,7. Most of the affected patients were white (68,4%). The patients average age was 50,8 years (from 18 to 79 years-old), with prevalence of patients in the 5th decade of life. 61,5% of the patients were non-smokers, and 71,7% were non drinkers. Tumor was registered as the main sign of the disease (23,6%), followed by pain (21,4%) and nasal obstruction (9,6%). Furthermore, 4 (10,5%) patients were diagnosed at stage II and as advanced disease, 10 (26,3%) were diagnosed at stage III and 24 (63,1%) at stage IV. Significant statistical results were not found when the following parameters were used for the survival analyses: histological subtype, stage of disease, grade of tumor, treatment modality, metastatic disease and recurrence. Conclusion: Salivary gland tumors of maxillary sinuses represent a group of tumor for which clinical manifestations are unspecific being, in general, diagnosed as advanced diseases. Adenoid cystic carcinoma is the most frequent tumor found in this location.