Análise epidemiológica dos traumatismos dentários em dentição permanente em Goiânia

Abstract

Epidemiologic aspects of traumatic dental injuries were evaluated in permanent dentition in a sample of 847 patients treated at the Emergency Service at the Dentistry School of the Federal University of Goias (UFG), from year 2000 to 2008. The statistical treatment analyzed data from frequency distribution, chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The level of significance was p<0,05. The results showed a greater incident among males (72,01%) with the mean age of 6-10 year-old. The crown fracture without pulp exposure (502; 26,95%), avulsion (341; 18,30%) and crown fracture with pulp exposure (330; 17,71%) constituted the most prevalent traumatic dental injuries. The prevalence of traumatic injuries throughout the years showed proportionality, being observed a greater number of cases between July and September (249; 29,39%). The most affected tooth was the central incisors (65,65%), followed by the lateral incisors (19,67%). In 311 participants (18,25%), only one tooth was involved, while in most of the patients (536; 81,75%), traumatic dental injuries occurred in more than one tooth. Significant proportion (82,27%) of traumatized teeth presented root apex completely formed. The main etiologic factors involved in dental traumatism were falls (51,71%), motor vehicle accidents (22,90%) and violence (5,67%). Politics of health promotion have to be institutionalized, capable to stimulate the creation of secure environments and spread protocols of appropriate management of traumatic dental injury.