Vetores da malária na área de influência do reservatório da usina hidrelétrica serra do Facão, Goiás

Abstract

The formation of artificial lakes during the construction of dams modify the natural surroundings and this changes the conditions of life such as patterns of development and spread of diseases, especially the proliferation of the insect population of the Anopheles genus, vectors responsible for malaria. The aim of this study was to study the environmental impacts of construction of the Hydroelectric Power Saw Knife in Goiás on the Anopheles fauna in the area of influence of the reservoir in six pre-selected points in order to assess the risk of indigenous transmission of malaria. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the density and diversity of Anopheles species captured and their spatial distribution and diagnose environmental changes resulting from the construction of the UHE Serra Facão influencing the density and diversity of malaria vectors, as well as its temporal distribution. The survey was conducted in the reservoir of the Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) Sierra Facão in Goiás, in six pre-selected points (point 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) from August 2008 to July 2011. Methodology was used as the capture of insects by anopheline Shannon traps and CDC traps during the evening. The catch occurred during the following periods: before the deforestation of the area to be flooded during the clearing and filling of the reservoir and after filling the reservoir. The most abundant species were: Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albitarsis primary vectors of malaria. The anopheles fauna varied both in density and diversity of species in different capture points. The species were more abundant in the period prior to the deforestation of the area to be flooded (43.9%) and after filling the reservoir (30.24%).