Gripe Aviária, Aves Migratórias de o Controle Sanitário na Criação de Aves Comerciais e de Subsistência no Município de Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

The city of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, is an important center of production and poultry genetics. Through the rural survey conducted by the Municipal Agriculture and Food Supply of the City of Uberlândia, a significant number of rural farms have poultry hillbillies. These creations do not have biosecurity standards that prevent the introduction of contagious diseases in their herds. Some of these properties are close to industrial poultry farms, putting them at risk of infection by these pathogens. Avian influenza, a viral disease that is transmitted from birds to man, still represents a threat to the population and put on alert the scientific community. Problems associated with the disease, such as sacrifice and the elimination of thousands of poultry and human infection with high mortality, intensified after 2003, affecting mainly the Asian countries. In Brazil the disease is considered exotic, and epidemiological investigations carried out in various places of migratory birds in the country. The results demonstrated the occurrence of low pathogenic virus in birds examined. The program of animal health protection in Brazil, including the National Avian Health Program (PNSA) performs work of prevention and control of emergency and exotic diseases such as avian influenza. As part of the control and prevention is monitoring bird migration sites of some of the country. The survey of the Aviafauna local, located in the vicinity of the hydroelectric dam Amador Aguiar I and II, in the cities of Uberlandia, Indianapolis and Araguari identified the occurrence of migratory birds from North America, a region that already had the virus isolation avian influenza highly pathogenic. Although the region presents a low risk for introducing avian influenza, as well as the rest of the country, there is a close coexistence of these migratory birds to the population of wild birds and hillbillies. Whereas these birds are very close to properties of industrial production of poultry, there is a need to perform an epidemiological investigation of migratory birds. It also adds the need for specific legislation, under the auspices of the Ministry of Agriculture, for the control of health of the subsistence or backyard.