Aspectos ecológicos e sociais da doença de Chagas no município de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais - Brasil

Abstract

The objective of its piece of work is to understand the dynamic of rural space in distribution, creation and recreation of ecological spaces that provide the growing of the triatominea fauna and the endemic disease of Chagas, in Uberlândia borough MG, as well, discuss a possible urbanization of that disease, beginning by the presence of the etiological agent and its spreading in the city. In fact, studies were realized and related data about the triatomines, by locality, in the phase of vigilance of PCDCh of capture and research in the urban and rural spaces between 2004 and 2007; epidemiological situation of the borough; visits in the field to identify the environments of possible appearance of triatomines, and analyses of soil use and vegetal covering. The analyses of data made possible to verify that the more accident surfaces of the borough, corresponds to the Araguari valley, the topography was a limiting factor to more intensive use of the soil, that made possible the permanence of reminiscent of natural vegetation and consequently, favorable ecological niches to survival and reproduction of the triatomines. This can be verified by the high number of captures in all the valley. In other parts of the county, the smooth topography, formed in larger part of properties geared of the livestock and grain production, the deforestation was intensive, destroying the possible ecological niches of triatomines. For that reason, the captures of triatomines were very reduced. The finding the existence of the favorable ecological corridors to the occurrence of the triatominea fauna along the major rivers, suggests dispersal axes of the vector and of the etiological agent of the disease, that should integrate this region to the circuit of the other endemics areas of the borough. In urban spaces, the analyses of data suggests that, beyond the passive transport of triatomines , resulted by the people exchanges and the products between the field and the city, there are ecological niches of triatomines, in the areas of native vegetation preserved, in the ecological parks and forests gallery of the streams.