Existencialismo e marxismo: a interlocução entre Sartre e Lefebvre

Abstract

Think about Sartre s philosophy remind us the aphorism existence precedes essence . Sartre had a totally different conception about men when compared to idealistic philosophers and mainly the christiansones. Becausehe inverts the notions of existence and essence and we can see this in Existentialism is a humanism. If for christian thinkers the essence, our way of being, the defined human being, precedes the existence of men in the world, for him this order is inverted. He defended a theoretical atheism, in which is the human being itself is who defines his existence through his acts. A man is what he does along his life. Therefore themes like freedom, which is situaded and concrete, the choice, exerciseof liberty in life, the responsibilityinherit choices we must make constantly; the anguish for being ourselves makers of our destiny and consenquently responsible for them; and finally bad-faith which is nothing short of denying over free authenticity and responsibility of men, are very important in Sartre s literature. The importance ofHenri Lefebvre in his Marxismremains in the fact that he s extremely neutral upon marxism. The thinker expose his maximum on pratical and efficient way, rejects abstract and to priori thinkers, he afirms that only considering human reality and dialectical methodology as susbtrate we will have a valid truth. Such reality is contradictory and inhospitable, and in order to reach knowledge and moral we should assume from it.Sartre in Search for a Method do not object to Marx but to some marxists, who try to turn historical truths, pratical and concrete into eternal truths. If we notice carefully Marx, Sartre and Lefebvre reject such position, because knowledge (Know) is the totalization of people knowledge (Being) from a period, which values and remits to this period which is not eternal. Moral should be concrete and an alienation and difficulties overcoming in racional and consistentway.