A realização de mas e embora em artigos de opinião e contos fantásticos

Abstract

This research aimed to verify how the arguments introduced by the argumentative operators BUT and ALTHOUGH are built in fiction and non-fiction texts by examining textual and discursive aspects of fantastic stories and articles of opinion. The objectives were to investigate whether there are distinctions in the argumentative strategies installed by those operators, and to analyze if their occurrence in works of fiction or non-fiction influences their behavior. These texts form a corpus which consists of four fantastic tales of Edgar Allan Poe, and of 37 opinion articles published in Brazil by Claudio de Moura Castro. Such texts were collected in proportional amount and their extension was mathematically considered, denoting the qualitative-quantitative nature of this research. Facing this problem, we asked three follow up questions: Is an argument constructed similarly with BUT or ALTHOUGH in fiction and non-fiction texts? What are the behavioral differences and similarities between the se operators? Are BUT and ALTHOUGH operators that maintain a specific relationship with the text types (narrative, descriptive, argumentative, injunctive) in which they occur? Our original hypothesis was that the relationship between types of texts and operators is very dependent, and that the functioning of these operators relates to the materialization character of the genre s communicative purpose. Grounded on those hypotheses, we verified how the arguments promoted by the argumentative of BUT and ALTHOUGH are built in fiction and non-fiction texts. The theoretical basis of this study was built by texts of Anscombre and Ducrot (1983), Ducrot (1987, 1988), Bronckart (1999), Adam (1992, 2008), Koch (2003) and Travaglia (1991, 1997, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2012). This research is intended to make researchers in linguistics aware of the behavior of the operators BUT and ALTHOUGH in order to understand details on the way they operate from the hypothesis that there are specific formulas and different purposes in different text types and genres, and that therefore these operators have variable behavior depending on the textual and discursive characteristics of genres. These results are relevant for the studies of semantic and argumentative order. The argumentative differences are patent and more predictable when comparing the use of BUT and ALTHOUGH, however distinctions related to works of fiction and non-fiction are revealed less obvious and more exciting to Textual Linguistics. The most important finding of this thesis is the fact that certain types of equivalences were verified in contexts where parity of argumentative aspects from the use of BUT or ALTHOUGH were not expected