Análise de fatores influenciadores do consumo de água em Uberlândia: o caso do Setor Sul

Abstract

Water consumption is influenced by several factors such as the rate, the characteristics of hydraulic-sanitary equipment, the administration of the supply system, climatic and socioeconomic aspects of the population. The knowledge about the influences of these factors is necessary, because assists in the process of the understanding of the dynamics and water consumption forecasting, being a valid instrument in the urban planning process. This way, the objective of this study was to identify possible correlations between the factors that can influence in the water consumption of the population that resident in the South Sector of Uberlandia - MG . For this, the variables analyzed were water consumption, temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and income of the population analyzed, considering a period of five years (2008-2012). About the informations of the income were adopted two methods of socioeconomic classification (ABEP and Silva, 2012). Based on that, graphs were made and calculated the correlation indexes that allowed comparison between variables. It found high and increasing water consumption in the South Sector, average 249 L/inhab.day, with emphasis on the Morada da Colina and Jardim Karaíba (higher consumption) neighborhoods, beyond the Shopping Park , Lagoinha and Santa Luzia (smaller consumption). Results showed an intrinsic relationship between per capita income and consumption, delimited by scatter plots and the significant coefficients of determination obtained (greater than 0.6). The correlation of water consumption with climate variables indicated a greater and stronger relationship with the relative humidity, r = -0.80, the correlation with rainfall resulted in r = -0.41, suggesting one moderate binding, and the correlation with temperature showed extremely weak compared with r = 0.13. Overall, in this research was verified that there is the highest consumption of water in the dry season of the year, and lower consumption in the wettest months as January, March and May.