Qualificação e competência : a formação do novo trabalhador pelo Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial - SENAI de Montes Claros/MG no período de 2003 a 2009

Abstract

This study is the result of research conducted, specifically with teachers of SENAIMontes Claros/MG, but also bolstered the contributions of relevant character of graduates and Director of this technical education center and of an education analyst. With this study, we sought to identify and critically analyze how the training is being conducted for an industrial worker in this new institution of vocational education from the displacement of the concept of qualification for the notion of competence, demonstrating the weakening of its social, political and economic dimension. The starting point was the movement of productive restructuring, whose purpose was to strengthen the capital after the crisis of Fordism/Taylorism in the mid-1970s, giving rise to the regime of flexible accumulation. The new paradigm of accumulation caused significant changes in the productive world, such as outsourcing and precarious work, however, prompted the need for a worker with broader training, based on what was called multiple skills, or ability to respond the many contingencies brought on by technological acceleration with autonomy, leadership and creativity. While the formation of the worker during the Fordist/Taylorist model of production was restricted to technical and specialized knowledge, targeted directly to a specific job in the regime of flexible accumulation, such training should include elements of both technical and subjective features. Related to that, it was discussed the specificity of the reform of vocational education in Brazil implemented the last five years, having the competence ordering principle, by a keen eye for the theory on the official documents that regulate the reform from the Law Guidelines and Bases of National Education: Decree 2.208/97, guidelines and benchmarks of the National Curriculum Vocational Technical Level. Based on these facts, we sought to identify with the individuals involved and/or related to the vocational education center (SENAI) how the training has been conducted of the industrial worker, and the extent to which such training has been serving the premises of the regime of flexible accumulation. It was demonstrated the political, epistemological and pedagogical limits of these regulations, proposing the recovery of a historical-critical benchmark for professional education committed to working class. The teaching of skills is enunciated by SENAI as a formative principle appropriate to the flexibility and complexity of current work processes, emphasizing the subjective aspects of the professionals. However, this study reveals that the notion of competence is limited at the prospect of human design and construction of a transforming world. Therefore, this reflective and firebrand research is considered a motivation for the construction of proposals that take into account the professional education and training as a human development and transformative practice of the relations work / education. A prospect of recovery of professional education as a policy for the interests of the majority, the working class.