Estudo randomizado de dois tipos de incisão para safenectomia em pacientes submetidos a revascularização miocárdica

Abstract

Objective: Compare the evolution regarding the complications concerning two types of incision (conventional x mini-incision), for saphenectomy in patients that go under myocardial revascularization or otherwise known as coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: During the period from January 2012 to August 2013, 66 patients were prospectively selected for coronary artery bypass with cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. These were divided into two groups: Conventional and Mini-Incision, with 33 patients in each group chosen in a random fashion and with knowledge of which technique to be used being presented only at the start of the surgery. In the conventional group, the patients received an incision to the lower member of 7 to 10 centimeters. The patients in the Mini-Incision group received an incision to the lower member of 3 to 4 centimeters, both performed without the use of any special material for harvesting the saphenous vein. Results: The groups were similar in terms of clinical data and in the preoperative period. Males made up a greater part of the group with 63.7% and 81.9% in groups C and M, respectively. Among the complications of the analysed surgical areas, edema (p = 0.011), hematoma (p = 0.020), dehiscence (p = 0.012) and infection (p = 0.012), were significantly greater in group C when compared to group M. When the matter comes to the variable in relation to the risk of Surgical Site Infections (SSI), no significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: Coronary artery bypass surgery with mini-incision for saphenectomy, demonstrated a lower rate for preoperative complications, such as edema, hematoma, dehiscence and infection, when compared to saphenectomy under conventional incision procedures.