Dopplervelocimetria da artéria oftálmica em gestantes com diabetes mellitus gestacional

Abstract

To evaluate the patterns of the ophthalmic artery Doppler velocimetry in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), comparing them with those found in normal pregnant women. This is an observational study that examined the ophthalmic artery Doppler indices in two groups: one consisting of 40 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and the other for 40 normal pregnant women, treated at the Hospital Clinics of the Federal University of Uberlândia. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee and Research institution under the number 293/10. The patients underwent Doppler ultrasound of the ophthalmic artery from 27 weeks. The variables analyzed were: pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak velocity ratio (PVR), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end distolic velocity (EDV). To analyze the normality of the samples was used Lillefors test and Student st- tests and Mann-Whitney test to compare means and medians, as data normality. The significance level used was of 95%. The mean age of pregnant women with GDM was 30,0 ± 5,5 years and pregnant women at 24,2 ± 5,5 years. The mean gestational ages were 33,7 ± 2,7 weeks and 33, 9 ± 2,7 weeks in groups of GDM and normal pregnant women. There was no significant difference between the mean gestational age between the two groups analyzed (p = 0,701). The median and mean values with standard deviation of the variables of the ophthalmic artery Doppler group GDM and normal pregnant women were: PI = 1,68 ± 0,60 / 1,64 ± 0,46 (p = 0,695); RI = 0,75 / 0,75 (p = 0,980); RPV = 0,54 ± 0,11 / 0,50 ± 0,11 (p=0,117); PVS(cm/s)= 33,05 / 31,91 (p=0,721) e EDV(cm/s)= 6,24 / 7,89 (p=0,485). Twenty-six patients (65%) underwent mapping of the retina with normal results. There were no significant changes in flow patterns of ophthalmic arteries in the group of pregnant women with GDM, showing that the time of exposure to the disease during pregnancy was short to cause significant vascular disorders within central.