A mobilidade internacional de mão de obra qualificada no contexto das políticas migratórias da União Europeia: o caso alemão

Abstract

This article analyzes the international mobility of skilled labor in the context of the European Union's migration policies, with a focus on the German case. The EU faces growing structural challenges, such as population aging, workforce reduction, and skills shortages amid the digital and green transitions that make attracting qualified professionals a strategic necessity. Therefore, it is argued that, intensified after the 2015 Crisis, the evolution of migration policies has coexisted with transformations in the mobility of skilled labor. Taking the German context as an empirical case, the article aims to identify and analyze this relationship, considering the contradictions found within the European political framework. The study draws on a qualitative, analytical approach based on bibliographic review and documentary analysis of European directives, official data, and German legislation. It concludes that regulatory developments have been associated with the strengthening of skilled mobility, reflecting the bloc's effort to balance economic competitiveness, although this relationship remains structurally tensioned by the contradiction between economic demands and domestic political pressures, a contradiction Germany illustrates emblematically.