Análise de micro e macro determinantes em casos de leptospirose em cães no município de Uberlândia - MG

Abstract

Leptospirosis is an infectocontagious zoonosis endemic to tropical regions, affecting several animal species as well as humans. Literature primarily associates the transmission of Leptospira interrogans with contact with the urine and carcasses of rodents, particularly Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus. However, it is understood that inter and intraspecific transmission occurs in other hosts, including domestic species such as Canis familiaris. Given the strengthening bond between humans and companion animals, coupled with urbanization and disparities in public health policies, a shift in the epidemiological profile of the disease has been observed. The objective of this research was to establish a correlation between the occurrence of leptospirosis in dogs and the determining factors of the disease in the city of Uberlândia-MG. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of seroreactive dogs was performed, along with an evaluation of the efficacy of municipal rodent control and the application of a binomial test for two proportions between reactive animals during the rainy and dry seasons. The results demonstrated a change in the serological profile of the canine population, with the majority of positive animals being mixed-breed and non-neutered. The rodent control program promoted a reduction in the infestation index of manholes in the analyzed neighborhoods. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in the occurrence of cases between the dry and rainy periods, although the influence of potential biases in laboratory test requests on these results is discussed.