Superposição 3D para avaliação de alterações condilares e disfunção articular pós-cirurgia ortognática: uma série de casos

Abstract

Orthognathic surgery corrects dentofacial deformities with the aim of improving function and aesthetics, but its effects on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remain controversial. This case series evaluated three patients with facial pattern II who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Clinical examinations, the DC/TMD questionnaire, and computed tomography with voxel-based 3D superimposition were performed to identify subtle condylar changes, including displacements and bone resorption. Two patients presented with articular and muscular pain, joint sounds, and reduced mouth opening, while one remained asymptomatic, demonstrating clinical heterogeneity. Variations in intercondylar distances suggested that minor condylar remodeling may influence temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of longitudinal monitoring using 3D Imaging and standardized functional assessment for the early detection of condylar alterations and individualized treatment planning. Despite the small sample size, this study contributes to hypothesis generation and the refinement of TMJ clinical protocols.