Desempenho mecânico de treliças de madeira em coberturas: análise howe, pratt e belga

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the structural performance of three wooden truss typologies Howe, Pratt, and Belg ianapplied to the roof of an industrial shed, through structural design and computational simulations. The analyses followed the criteria established by ABNT standards NBR 7190:2022, NBR 6120:2019, and NBR 8681:2004, with verification of the ultimate (ULS) and serviceability (SLS) limit states. The study compared the original configurations and evaluated the influence of variations in cross-sections, wood strength class, and geometric modifications of the trusses. The results showed that the original Howe truss presented the most balanced and stable performance, while reductions in stiffness and geometric simplifications made the compressed elements of the Pratt and Belgian trusses more susceptible to instability. The use of Ftool and VisualVentos software proved essential for accurately determining internal forces and displacements, allowing a consistent assessment of the proposed structural scenarios. It is concluded that proper structural design, combined with computational tools, supports safer engineering decisions, with the Howe truss standing out as the most efficient configuration among those analyzed.