Detecção molecular de parvovirus canino tipo 2 em cães rurais do Cerrado e Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a major pathogen of domestic dogs and represents a growing threat to wild carnivores due to its potential for cross-species transmission in domestic–wildlife interface regions. This study aimed to investigate the molecular occurrence of CPV-2 in rural dog populations from the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes, areas of high ecological relevance in Brazil. A total of 164 whole blood samples from dogs living on rural properties were collected between June 2023 and June 2024. Detection of CPV-2 was performed using real-time PCR (qPCR) targeting the VP2 gene. The virus was identified in two samples, resulting in an overall prevalence of 1.21%, with one positive case in the Cerrado and one in the Pantanal. The low positivity observed may be associated with prior immunity, vaccination, and the short viral shedding window, as well as the type of sample analyzed.Despite the low occurrence, the findings confirm CPV-2 circulation in rural areas and reinforce the potential risk of transmission to wild species. The results highlight the importance of systematic vaccination and continuous surveillance in rural dog populations, as well as the integration of epidemiological and conservation approaches to mitigate the risk of viral spillover.