Análise numérica e experimental do desempenho de hélices de ventiladores axiais para aplicação em sistemas de refrigeração comercial

Abstract

This work presents a numerical and experimental analysis of the performance of axial fan blades applied to commercial refrigeration systems. The main goal was to evaluate the influence of blade geometric parameters, such as camber, position of maximum camber, relative thickness, tip gap and angle of attack, on the overall efficiency of the fan, providing technical background for the development of new geometries. To this end, a hybrid approach was developed, combining numerical simulations in CFD, using ANSYS CFX software, with experimental tests performed in a fan testing chamber. Validation showed good agreement between numerical and experimental results, especially in the operating region of greatest practical relevance. The parametric analysis enabled understanding of the effects of geometric variations and the identification of an optimized configuration characterized by the displacement of the maximum camber towards the trailing edge and an increase in the global angle of attack. Although the improvements obtained were modest, the study resulted in a robust model capable of predicting the performance curve of axial fans and integrating into the design process without the need for additional software licenses. The results highlight the potential for aerodynamic optimization of these components and contribute to improving the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems.