Análise temporal do uso do solo na bacia do Ribeirão Bom Jardim: aplicação de SPRI e NDVI na avaliação de estoque de carbono (CO2 flux)

Abstract

The Ribeirão Bom Jardim basin features a significant ecosystem that plays a fundamental role in maintaining biodiversity and water resources. The use of satellite images and vegetation indices has proven effective in the analysis and assessment of vegetation cover in watersheds, especially in understanding biomass and its implications for climate change mitigation. The objective of this study is to analyze changes in land use and occupation in the Ribeirão Bom Jardim basin, using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Photochemical Reflectance Index rescaled for positive values (sPRI), and Carbon Dioxide Flux (CO2 FLUX), allowing for an understanding of forest density patterns, atmospheric carbon sequestration capacity, and the photosynthetic efficiency of the region. Firstly, the study area was delineated, enabling the examination of its key characteristics such as topography, climate, soil type, and vegetation. Subsequently, using GIS (Geographic Information System), land use and deforestation analysis was conducted using Landsat 7 and 5 images. Finally, NDVI, sPRI, and CO2 FLUX indices were calculated. The results demonstrate a significant suppression of native cerrado vegetation between 2002 and 2008, leading to a decrease in carbon sequestration and photosynthetic efficiency. These findings underscore the importance of native cerrado vegetation not only as valuable ecosystems but also as significant contributors to climate change mitigation.