Os conceitos de tecnologia e de energia no pensamento filosófico de Álvaro Vieira Pinto

Abstract

ABSTRACT THE CONCEPTS OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENERGY IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL THOUGHT OF ÁLVARO VIEIRA PINTO Autor: Silvano Severino Dias Orientador: Prof. Dr. Jairo Dias Carvalho The notions of technique/technology and energy emerge in Álvaro Vieira Pinto's philosophical thought from the need that human beings have to resolve their vital contradiction: to produce the resources essential to their survival and existence. To this end, technique/technology is constituted as mediation, a way of acting on nature with the aim of placing it at the service of man, of his understanding as the Logos of technique, of the sense of producing better and of creating something new. When human beings relate to nature, with the aim of transforming it through work, they use instruments, techniques and machines as means of producing objects and goods for consumption. This reflection allowed us to formulate the following general objective of this study: to demonstrate how the notions of technique/technology and energy are structured and related in the thought of this author. As a result of this, we developed four specific objectives, each of which is correlated to the structuring of the corresponding section. They are: 1. Analyze and describe how Vieira's thought was structured throughout his published works and unpublished texts; 2. Analyze and describe the notion of work in Vieira Pinto's thought; 3. Analyze the notion of technology/technique in Vieira Pinto's thought, and, finally, 4. Analyze and describe how the notion of energy emerges and is structured in Vieira Pinto's philosophical thought. In order to organize and guide this study, we combined bibliographic research in the context of the qualitative approach linked to the hermeneutic method of text interpretation, going from the context to the text and vice versa, because it is in this relationship that it is possible to understand a certain unity that emerges from the experiences of the author's thought with the experience of the environment in which he develops his existence. In relation to its intrinsic objectives, the results of this research can be listed from two moments. The first concerns the key elements for understanding the notions of technique/technology and energy: these terms are intrinsically related in the following way: work and energy; work and technique/technologist; technique/technology and energy. And, the second moment is characterized by the way in which these terms are configured as mediations of the productive process and social relations. However, in relation to extrinsic objectives, it can be stated that the role that the notion of energy assumes in the structuring of the fields of knowledge of the Philosophy of Technology and the Philosophy of Energy, that is, energy is a point of confluence between these areas of knowledge, thus constituting itself as an interdisciplinary theme. In this way, scholars of the first area of knowledge consider themselves heirs of the empiricist turn, which was consolidated as a disciplinary field between the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, and were represented by the following researchers: Bruno Latour, Don Ihde and Andrew Feenberg, who sought to go beyond the limits of analyses of the notion of technique and technology developed since Ernst Kapp, through Heidegger and Hans Jones. In Brazil, the Working Group of the National Association of Graduate Studies in Philosophy (ANPOF), called Philosophy of Technology, has taken technology as a philosophical problem since 2015, but before that, this theme had already been researched in several universities. At the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), the Study Group on Philosophy of Technology realized that there were points of confluence between its studies and the notion of energy, and with this created the Study Group Philosophy of Energy, but its field of study is still under construction. Regarding Álvaro Vieira Pinto's philosophical thought, the notions of technology and energy were analyzed even before the studies that originated the “empirical turn” and the ANPOF WG, becoming a reference source for these fields of knowledge. Although this research presents new results in relation to previous research, these analyses and results remain open to new criticism and revisions. Keywords: Work. Technology. Energy. Mediation. Philosophy of Technology. Philosophy of Energy.