Modalidades de insulinoterapia para tratamento da cetoacidose diabética em cães e gatos

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the main endocrine diseases affecting dogs and cats. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially fatal complication that arises due to an increased energy demand in the patient, which leads to elevated secretion of counter-regulatory hormones against glucose, resulting in ketonemia and metabolic acidosis. Even with insulin therapy in veterinary medicine, DKA remains a condition with a high mortality rate and is commonly found in companion animals recently diagnosed with DM. Given this, a prompt and effective insulin therapy approach is of utmost importance. Therefore, this study aims to compile various insulin therapy protocols for the treatment of DKA in dogs and cats. To achieve this, a descriptive observational study will be conducted, focusing on insulin therapy protocols, response time, side effects, clinical advantages, and practical considerations in the management of DKA in small animals. The study seeks to establish a comprehensive understanding of the different therapeutic strategies described in the literature and their applicability in contemporary veterinary medicine.