Cultura do milho 2ª safra: análise dos custos de produção nas regiões polos do Brasil

Abstract

The second-season corn crop (“safrinha”) is one of the pillars of Brazilian agribusiness, accounting for a large share of national production and strengthening the country’s position in the international market. This study analyzes the production costs of second-season corn in key producing hubs across different regions of Brazil, using data from the National Supply Company (CONAB) for the period 2020 to 2025. The selected cities are representative of major producing states, including Mato Grosso, Goiás, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Tocantins.The research employed a quantitative and descriptive approach, applying statistical tests such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the Scott-Knott means grouping test to identify cost variables with statistically significant differences among locations. The results showed that inputs such as fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, and machinery operations, as well as items such as administration, machinery depreciation, social charges, and facility maintenance, displayed relevant variations between cities.It was found that fertilizers represent the largest share of total production costs, followed by pesticides. These differences reflect regional characteristics related to factors such as access to technology, production scale, climate conditions, and logistical infrastructure. The study highlights the importance of detailed cost management as a strategic tool for producers, cooperatives, and policymakers, contributing to greater efficiency, competitiveness, and sustainability of second-season corn production in Brazil.