Uma proposta didática na perspectiva inclusiva para aulas de ciências com foco na botânica

Abstract

The history of people with disabilities, both in Brazil and around the world, is marked by a long process of exclusion and denial of fundamental rights, such as access to education and human dignity. Since the 1988 Constitution, education has become a right guaranteed by law, and several other laws have been created with the intention of promoting inclusion, such as the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education and the Brazilian Law for the Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities. With all this legislative apparatus, schools have the responsibility to guarantee access and conditions of permanence for everyone, including students who are the target audience for special education. In this context, this dissertation aimed to develop a didactic sequence for teaching Botany with a focus on inclusion, with the aim of supporting Science and Biology teachers in carrying out classes that meet the different needs of students, promoting the participation of all. This work resulted in the creation of the product entitled Didactic sequence for teaching Botany from an inclusive perspective. The educational product, based on the National Common Curricular Base (2018), integrates elements of multisensory pedagogy, adaptations of activities aimed at the inclusion of all students and the use of a didactic sequence developed based on the principles of Universal Design for Learning. Its conception is based on the guidelines of Maria Teresa Égler Mantoan and Enicéia Gonçalves Mendes on school inclusion. The assessment made by the participating teachers was positive, highlighting the relevance and applicability of the proposal. The pedagogical approach presented also includes information on school inclusion, as well as suggestions for films and series, reinforcing the need for training practices that raise awareness among teachers and promote education focused on valuing diversity. In this way, the didactic sequence constitutes a practical and effective resource for teaching Botany from an inclusive perspective, favoring the learning and participation of all students, both in regular education and in special education.