Classificação das lesões traumáticas em cães e gatos de acordo com a Traumatologia Forense

Abstract

Wounds, in addition to being caused by mistreatment of animals, can be due to accidental causes. The classification of injuries according to forensic traumatology in the forensic examination can be performed at the time of examinations and diagnoses, considering the type of injury and the instrument used for the occurrence of mechanical injuries, such as: piercing, cutting, blunt and mixed, injuries by a chemical, physical and physical-chemical agent. Given this context, and due to the current fact of the sanctioning of law 1.095/2019, by the President of the Republic, which increases the punishment for those who practice acts of mistreatment, the study of the classification of injuries becomes crucial. The objective of this study is to carry out a survey and classify the injuries according to the forensic traumatology of the animals treated in veterinary clinics in the city of Ituiutaba, Minas Gerais, in order to identify the causative agent. Fifty- one animals with traumatic injuries were selected, 86.3% dogs and 13.7% cats, 72.55% males and 27.45% females. 19.6% were between 0 and 5 years old, 13.72% between 6 and 10 years old and 66.6% age was unknown. The lesions were evaluated macroscopically identifying the type of agent involved and lesion caused. Injuries caused by mechanical energy had the highest percentage (84.3%) and those caused by a mixed agent had a higher incidence with 67,4%. Within this group, injuries classified as puncture injuries had the highest percentage with 55,2 %. It is important to highlight that in this study the injuries caused by bites resulting from fights between dogs were the most observed resulting in blunt injuries. Factors related to the absence of responsible custody contributed to this result. Currently, lawsuits involving animals have become increasingly frequent and an accurate examination of the traumas is essential in view of the fact that they may be due to mistreatment.