Método de elementos finitos e processamento paralelo na otimização de dispositivos eletromagnéticos através de Integração de algoritmos meta-heurísticos

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the application of the Finite Element Method (FEM) and parallel processing in the optimization of electromagnetic devices through the integration of Meta-Heuristic algorithms. The study focuses on two main structures: the single-phase air-core reactor and the three-phase EI-core reactor. Given the growing concern with sustainability and energy efficiency, the development of technologies that improve power quality and reduce system losses has become essential. In this context, the motivation for this work lies in the FEM’s ability to deliver highly accurate results when properly modeled, closely approximating real-world values. The devices analyzed play a key role in this scenario, as they contribute to power factor correction and harmonic mitigation, thus enabling more efficient and sustainable electrical systems. Furthermore, the use of optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithms (GA) enabled the identification of solutions that often outperform those obtained through traditional analytical methods. The dissertation presents a practical application of FEM by comparing the axisymmetric model of an air-core reactor with laboratory measurements, as well as with 2D and 3D simulations. To enhance the optimization process, the implementation of multiprocessing in Python is detailed, including the software used and the model applied. The results are discussed based on graphs showing the evolution of parameters over generations and the optimized values found. The results validate the proposed model and methodologies, providing a solid foundation for future research aimed at the optimization of electromagnetic devices. The conclusions highlight the importance of choosing suitable optimization parameters and multiprocessing strategies, as well as the potential for expanding this work to other configurations and technological applications.