Kit colorimétrico e óptico baseado em nanopartículas de ouro para a detecção do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV)

Abstract

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), is a global public health concern. Diagnostic tests present challenges, such as immunological window, sophisticated laboratory infrastructure, high costs and long turnaround times. To overcome these challenges, in this study, the synthesized AuNps were functionalized with synthetic oligonucleotides specific for HIV, to provide biorecognition. The spherical and homogeneous AuNps exhibited a size of 13 nm and absorption peaks at a wavelength of 520 nm. The detection of the target of interest is based on the color change provided by the characteristics of Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR). The developed kit presented detection and quantification limits of 2,153 nM and 7,178 nM, respectively, with stability for 20 days. Thus, viral detection based on the particular optical properties of AuNps was shown to be sensitive, specific and stable. Therefore, it is a promising alternative capable of offering a rapid and accessible diagnosis, contributing significantly to improving the quality of life and well-being of society.