A Interiorização dos Enclaves Fortificados: os Condomínios Horizontais Fechados e a Reprodução do Espaço Urbano de Catalão (GO)

Abstract

The process of reproduction of capital in space is linked to a fundamental item for the survival of any society, housing. Entering into the logic of buying and selling, and having its genesis in private property, housing stamps on the faces of the inhabitants of the world's urban spaces their income. Perhaps nothing explains the economic pattern of a family as much as the home and the region of the city where they live. In this way, sciences such as Geography, especially in the field of Urban Geography, focus on studying and researching elements such as housing, which present diagnoses of economic inequalities, socio-spatial segregation, and what we theoretically classify as self-segregation, that is, a segregation caused by purposeful means. The present work aims to demonstrate how real estate developments classified as closed horizontal condominiums have proliferated over the last decades in the urban space of Catalão, using as a cut, six closed horizontal condominiums already established and inhabited in the city, especially after the 2010s. They are: Green Park Condominium, Solar das Américas Condominium, Villa Borghese Condominium, Paquetá Condominium, Altto Campo Bello Condominium and Buritis Condominium. For this, we used theoretical and bibliographic research, mainly referencing authors of Urban Geography, with emphasis on the method of Historical-dialectical Materialism who make a critical analysis of the process of self-segregation, as well as authors from other sciences such as Urban Sociology, Urbanism and Urban Law. In addition, the research relies on the documentary apparatus, with systematized population data from agencies such as the IBGE, urban plans acquired from the Municipal Secretariat of Works of Catalão, as well as cartographic and advertising material, referring to the residential studies studied, articles of national and municipal laws that encourage the proliferation of gated communities. in addition to related journalistic reports. Also, the thesis has field research, carried out through the collection of photographic material from the external infrastructure of the six condominiums studied, and information acquired through questionnaires that were applied to real estate brokers (anonymously for ethical reasons) who sell and intermediate residences in these locations. The questions sought socioeconomic profiles of customers, trends for the future and information about infrastructure and internal security apparatus. As a result, we demonstrate how the state machine favors through laws and infrastructure the reproduction of this type of real estate development in the urban fabric of that city, and we diagnose the target socioeconomic profile of each of the six projects, thus demonstrating, from different points of view, the way that self-segregation is reproduced in the urban space of Catalão (GO).