Ideologia e cultura nas relações internacionais

Abstract

This Monograph is a search conceived, elaborated and developed based on my studies, throughout the undergraduate course in International Relations, in culture, history, Rechsstaat, international politics, geopolitics and economics. Its fundamental objective is to reflect on the two main contemporary Theories of International Relations, namely, Liberalism, developed in its utopian and idealist philosophical characteristics, and Realism, with attributes of realpolitik without ignoring a certain utopianism of this current. Both perspectives are understood as ideological phenomena exogenous to the national understanding of reality and international politics, since above all these Theories are created and polished by the cultural creativity of the English-speaking peoples, the Anglo-Saxons, represented by England and the United States of America. Its manifestation in international politics, or the determination of the will of this culture in Hegel's objective world, contributes to influencing the thinking of different peoples and their States, when we investigate the transposition of certain abstract concepts, unconsciously, to reality, in accordance with the conscious objectives and interests of the Empires. The Monograph, therefore, aims to investigate the philosophical and historical bases of the two currents of International Relations and how, simultaneously, the strength of ideas contributes to international politics being reflected, organized and implemented according to the culture of a determination people (Spirit). In this sense, we understand that these ideological elements, manifested by the discipline of International Relations, can be understood as challenges to the implementation of the Brazilian constitutional norm or, in macro terms, the very realization of the democratic Rechtsstaat.