Avaliação de notificações de reações adversas a medicamentos após uma abordagem educativa em terapia intensiva adulto

Abstract

Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADR) have a major epidemiological impact and increase healthcare costs, and pharmacovigilance is essential for the safety and rational use of medications. However, data on it, mainly from spontaneous reports, are still incipient. Objective: To evaluate reports of adverse drug reactions in adult intensive care units of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Federal University of Uberlândia after the implementation of an educational approach with the care team. Methodology: This is an analytical observational study, which quantified the incidence of ADR reports before and after training, between June and September 2024, in addition to characterizing the profile of these ADR. Results: A total of 30 ADR were confirmed, of which 10 came from spontaneous reporting and 20 from active surveillance. An increase from 0 to 14 in the number of spontaneous reports was observed after training. Most reactions occurred in male patients (56.67%). The most frequently involved drugs were propofol (9.30% (4/43)) and dexmedetomidine (6.98% (3/43)). The main physiological systems affected were the cardiovascular and nervous systems, with the most related reactions being: bradycardia, hypotension, decreased level of consciousness, hydroelectrolytic disorders and bleeding. Most reactions were type A, frequent, mild or moderate in severity, and with possible causality. Conclusion: These results highlight the relevance of training to increase spontaneous ADR reporting and reinforce the importance of active surveillance in expanding pharmacovigilance data.