Avaliação histológica e tomográfica de seios maxilares enxertados com osso bovino desproteinizado

Abstract

This study evaluated, through histomorphometric and tomographic analysis, the tissue repair pattern in maxillary sinuses grafted with deproteinized bovine bone. This case-control study involved 12 patients who underwent maxillary sinus lift surgery with Cerabone®. Radiographic images were taken before the sinus lift surgery and 1 week before implant placement. At the time of implant placement, which occurred 4 months after the first surgical procedure, a biopsy of the grafted area was collected. Tomographic images were used to evaluate linear and volumetric gains in the grafted areas. The samples were evaluated through histomorphometric analysis, assessing new bone formation, presence of DBB remnants, and connective tissue. In the tomographic analysis, it was verified that before surgery, the maxillary sinuses had 3.28 ± 1.82 mm of vertical linear length. Before installing the implants, it was observed that the grafted maxillary sinuses were 14.63 ± 4.78 mm in linear length. Regarding the volume gain of mineralized tissues, a gain of 118.42 ± 52.81 mm3 was observed. Maxillary sinus sample showed 18.15 ± 3.14% bone, 22.27 ± 4.55% bone tissue substitute and 59.58 ± 7.31% soft tissue. The deproteinized bovine bone tested in this study was efficient in the formation of repaired tissue that allowed the installation of implants in the posterior region of the maxilla. Clinically, the tissue gain and stability of the implants installed in the posterior region of the maxilla presented satisfactory results in the short term.