Pênfigo vulgar em paciente portador de psoríase: relato de um caso

Abstract

Pemphigus Vulgaris is an immunologically mediated disease that is relatively rare and affects mucocutaneous tissues. If left untreated, it can be life-threatening and may significantly worsen. Patient autoantibodies act against desmosomes that connect keratinocytes, leading to the formation of vesicles and blisters, with intraepithelial separation occurring just above the basal layer. Genetic predispositions and the action of certain medications seem to be related to the etiology of the disease. Oral manifestations of the disease are very common and usually the first to appear, often persisting even if concomitant skin lesions go into remission. Other mucous membranes in the body may also be affected, though less frequently, such as the ocular, gastrointestinal, and vaginal mucosa. Skin lesions can occur, especially in the trunk region. Patients with oral lesions often experience pain, difficulty in chewing, and sometimes in speech as well. The gold standard for diagnosing pemphigus vulgaris is immunofluorescence; however, due to limited access in many healthcare facilities, the disease is commonly confirmed through clinical examination combined with histopathology from an incisional biopsy. Treatment typically involves the use of topical and/or systemic corticosteroids and other supportive measures. This study aims to report the case of a patient with pemphigus vulgaris with oral manifestations treated at a public university health service, highlighting all the diagnostic aspects involved in their care and providing updated discussions about this important disease.