Avaliação de genótipos de feijoeiro comum, grupo carioca, na época das águas, em 2022 - Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an indeterminate annual plant, characterized by its herbaceous nature and climbing or trailing habit. Its pods, which can contain 3 to 8 seeds, have an average size of 9 to 12 cm. This crop has gained prominence due to the high global demand for its food and its remarkable adaptability to different soil and climate conditions, allowing its cultivation throughout the year. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the agronomic performance of common bean genotypes of the carioca group during the rainy season in Uberlândia, MG. The experiment was conducted at the Água Limpa Experimental Farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia, located at 48º 21' 04'' West longitude and 19º 06' 09'' South latitude, with an average altitude of 800 meters. The experimental design adopted was a randomized complete block design (RCBD), composed of 22 treatments distributed in 3 replications, totaling 66 plots. Each plot consisted of 4 rows with spacing of 0.5m and length of 4 meters, resulting in a total area of 8 m². The genotype seeds were sown with a density of 60 seeds per row, equivalent to 15 seeds per linear meter, totaling 240 seeds per plot. Harvesting was carried out only in the two central rows (4 m²), while the other two rows were considered borders. This study is part of the Cultivation and Use Value Trials (VCU) conducted by Embrapa Rice and Beans in various regions of Brazil. The analyzed variables included pods per plant, grains per pod, 100-grain weight, and productivity (kg ha-¹). The data were subjected to analysis of variance by the F-test, and means were compared using the Scott-Knott test at a significance level of 5%. The results indicated significant differences between treatments for all evaluated characteristics. The CNFC 18516, CNFC 18522, and CNFC 18618 lines stood out in terms of pods per plant. For grains per pod, genotypes CNFC 18522, CNFC 18432, and BRS FC414 were the most prominent. Regarding 100-grain weight, the CNFC 17153, CNFC 18459, and CNFC 18618 lines stood out. Finally, genotypes CNFC 17153, IPR SABIÁ, and CNFC 17882 showed the highest productivities.