Comunicação e controle via web de um sistema embarcado utilizando o protocolo websocket e a infraestrutura serverless

Abstract

This study presents the implementation and evaluation of a remote-control system for embedded systems, using the WebSocket protocol, the serverless infrastructure and the ESP32 microcontroller. The intention is to provide a robust and efficient solution for monitoring and collecting data from IoT (Internet of Things) devices, which are devices capable of communicating with each other and with the Internet, demonstrating relevance to the academic community and practical applications. Embedded and IoT systems, the functionality of the WebSocket protocol for bidirectional low-latency communication and the ESP32 microcontroller are explored. Additionally, serverless architecture and related tools such as AWS API Gateway and AWS Lambda are discussed. To this end, a scenario was designed to collect environmental variables (temperature and humidity) and control an LED, which simply and effectively elucidates the bidirectional capacity of real-time communication, making use of a serverless infrastructure, together with the creation of a web-hosted interface for remote control. The success of the implementation of this system was verified through observation during its operation, with the real-time flow of sensor data being correctly rendered and visualized in the designed interface and simultaneous non-conflicting control of the LED, in addition to the measurement of the average latency experienced by the user. resulting in a value of 50 ms for receiving the data, and 100 ms for controlling the LED, with a success rate close to 100% in the observed period of two hours. Therefore, having proven the effectiveness of the proposed solution, this work contributes as a detailed approach to the consolidation of knowledge in embedded systems and IoT and to a range of applications in which the characteristics provided by the system are necessary, opening the way for future investigations. of different protocols and equipment in order to optimize bidirectional communication in real time between devices and users, and to facilitate the monitoring and control of embedded systems.