Efeitos da interveção fisioterapêutica em pacientes sobreviventes do câncer ginecológico que apresentam dor gênito-pélvica: uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

Cancer, a disease caused by cellular uncontrollability, is a global challenge. Treatments such as radiotherapy can cause side effects, including sexual dysfunction and genito-pelvic pain. Many women face chronic pain after gynecological cancer, affecting their quality of life. Pelvic physiotherapy emerges as an effective approach, including sex education, manual therapy and exercises to reduce pain, improve muscular and psychosexual function. This study aimed to describe the effects of pelvic physiotherapy care in patients who survived gynecological cancer and present with genito-pelvic pain. This is a scope review. Data collection took place in November 2023 and January 2024 in three databases. 202 studies were identified, 10 of which were selected according to criteria: originality, studies involving patients who survived gynecological cancer with genito-pelvic pain and underwent treatment with pelvic physiotherapy, language (English, Portuguese or Spanish). A summary of the general data collected from the 10 articles selected to compose the scoping review and description of age, type of cancer, type of physical assessment, scale/questionnaire, treatment, duration and physiotherapeutic effect were presented. Analysis of changes after radiotherapy highlights the importance of careful assessment. Pelvic physiotherapy demonstrates effectiveness in improving muscle function, relieving genito-pelvic pain and promoting well-being. It is crucial for sexual and psychosocial health. Flexible treatment involving outpatient sessions and home exercises emphasizes the importance of personalization. In this sense, the results are influenced by the combination of techniques and adaptation to individual needs, stimulating new studies.