Fatores associados à presença de anemia em indivíduos com doença renal crônica: análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a disease unknown by many carriers, but even in the early stages, it presents complications, such as anemia. Considering the restriction of representative studies of the Brazilian population and the adverse outcomes of the presence of anemia in the population with CKD, it is important to identify the main associated factors in this population. OBJECTIVE: to investigate the relationship between the different factors associated with the presence of anemia in Brazilian individuals with CKD. METHODS: cross-sectional study, carried out using the 2013 National Health Survey (PNS) laboratory database. Socioeconomic, demographic and clinical assessments were evaluated. Descriptive analysis was performed and, subsequently, the factors related to the presence of anemia were presented by stages of CKD. Statistical data were evaluated using the Stata software (version 14.2). Regarding the association of anemia with CKD, raw and adjusted models through logistic regression were presented. It was considered significant when p≤0.05. RESULTS: 8,952 individuals were evaluated. The prevalence of anemia in the total population was 10.11% and in the population with CKD it was 15.1%. Individuals with anemia had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH), diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CKD. Also, individuals with more advanced CKD, female, black race/color, with AH and DM were more likely to have anemia. CONCLUSION: This study makes it possible to identify the variables that are related to the presence of anemia in the different stages of CKD, such as AH, DM, gender, education, race/color and nutritional status.