Programas e ações das políticas públicas educacionais em Minas Gerais (2019-2022): mecanismos da reforma empresarial na educação pública mineira

Abstract

This thesis presents the research called “Programs and Actions of Educational Public Policies in Minas Gerais (2019-2022): mechanisms of Business Reform in Public Education in Minas Gerais” and was carried out in the Doctorate Course in Education, of the Postgraduate Program in Education at the Faculty of Education of the Federal University of Uberlândia (PPGED-FACED-UFU), in the State, Policies and Management of Education research line. For the development of the research, the central question was whether the programs and actions of public educational policies in Minas Gerais, established between 2019 and 2022, and they are related to the business reform of public education in the state and in what way they act as mechanisms reform in school management. Thus, the general objective was to analyse whether the programs and actions of public educational policies in Minas Gerais act as mechanisms for the corporate reform of public education in the state. The main research approach was qualitative, of a descriptive-exploratory nature, and the research object was these programs and actions, with their implications, of twenty-one state public schools in eight cities in the Triângulo Mineiro microregion, under the jurisdiction of the Regional Secretariat of Ituiutaba Teaching. To construct the research corpus, we opted for a bibliographical survey and documentary and questionnaire data collection techniques - the latter aimed at school managers. As results, it was evidenced that public educational policies in Minas Gerais, through their programs and actions, are guided by business education reform, and that they establish two main reform mechanisms: evaluation and privatization, associated with standardization, to accountability and the redefinition of democratic management. In this process, the reorganization of the educational process in schools also stood out; the insertion of business management into daily school life; the school’s focus on assessments; the top-down movement of implementing these policies; the public-private partnership strategy; the delegation of school management to for-profit or non-profit organizations; the redefinition of democratic management by business management; the autonomy of schools in different local practices; the positive perspective of school managers regarding these programs and actions; and a process of obedience and/or little resistance to the corporate reform agenda in schools. Therefore, it is considered that the management model of the state government of Minas Gerais is based on and follows the principles of business management, in accordance with the neoliberal program of business reform of public services, and based on the mechanisms of standardization, evaluation, accountability and privatization. And as it has also been demonstrated that there is little or no resistance in schools to the mechanisms of corporate reform of public education, the importance of all those involved being aware of these mechanisms and their objectives is highlighted, to enable the defence of public education, public management and democratic, according to its conception in the Federal Constitution: democratic management as opposition to intimidation, despotism and authoritarianism in decision-making; and public education as a right, without being subordinated to market logic, and, mainly, without its privatization.