Levantamento da entomofauna com armadilhas Moericke em sistemas agroflorestais com cafeeiro no Triângulo Mineiro

Abstract

The drink made from roasted and ground coffee tree seeds has great cultural, social and economic importance for Brazil. Habitats changes for the implementation of monocultural crops combined with the application of non-selective insecticides contribute to the imbalance of entomofauna and increase in populations of species that cause damage to coffee crops. The conservative biological control is presented as an alternative for reducing or even interruption of the use of chemical control, the diversification of plantations is capable to reduce the insect herbivory, that is a principle used in Agroforestry Systems (SAFs). The present study had the objective to evaluate the entomofauna associated with two sucessionais SAFs in the Triângulo Mineiro, using Moericke type traps. The agroforestry system in the Municipality of Monte Carmelo (SAFMC) has 1,225 m² and the other located in the Municipality of Estrela do Sul (SAFES) has 3,000 m². The collections happened from September 2022 to April 2023, when nine sampling points were installed with traps placed at 0.5 and 1.0 m of high in relation to the ground. The arthropods collected were classified into taxonomic groups, the social wasps species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) were sent to a taxonomist. For faunal analysis of taxonomic groups were used the software ANAFAU and R studio were used to evaluate the methodological variables. In total 7,141 arthropods were collected, 55.4% in the SAFES area and 44.6% in SAFMC area. The Order Diptera, families Cicadellidae (Hemiptera) and Formicidae (Hymenoptera) and Other Hymenoptera are considered predominant in both SAFs and the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Thysanoptera and the family Vespidae (Hymenoptera) only in SAFES. At SAFMC, the social wasp species Brachygastra lecheguana (Latreille) and Polybia occidentalis (Oliver) were identified, while at SAFES Agelaia multipicta Haliday, Agelaia pallipes (Oliver), Brachygastra lecheguana Latreille, Chartergus globiventris Sassure, Polybia jurinei Saussure, Polybia occidentalis (Oliver), Polybia sericea (Oliver), Polistes simillimus Zikán, Protopolybia exigua (Sassure) and Protonectarina sylveirae (Saussure). Agroforestry systems are important for the maintenance of species of social wasps and associated entomofauna, and their detection can be carried out using Moericke traps.