Análise clínica prospectiva da cicatrização de alvéolos pós-exodontia de terceiros molares tratados com fotobiomodulação em duplo comprimento de onda

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluates the effect of using Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with red and infrared wavelength lasers in the postoperative management of third molar extraction surgeries. Methods: This prospective study involved the participation of 65 patients who underwent third molar extractions and received PBMT with a combination of red (λ 660 nm) and infrared (λ 808 nm) lasers. The PBMT protocol was applied in 3 sessions, immediately and 3 and 7 days after the surgical procedure. Clinical analyzes were evaluated in periods of 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 days after the surgical procedure. Each socket was subsequently clinically evaluated and classified in relation to bleeding, tissue color in the region of surgery, presence of suppuration or plaque, color and texture of the healing tissue. Using a visual analogue scale, patients assessed the parameters of pain, inflammation, bleeding, difficulty chewing and difficulty opening the mouth. Furthermore, post-extraction alveolar healing was assessed using x-rays, bone density and fractal dimension analysis in the baseline period and 90 days after the surgical procedure. Results: Clinical analyzes demonstrated that PBMT promoted an improvement in postoperative morbidity, reducing edema 15 days after surgery, and accelerating the healing of soft tissues, while the analysis of bone tissue revealed an increase in radiographic density and fractal dimension in the 90-day period than in the postoperative period, however there were no significant changes in fractal dimension in the lower alveoli. The bilateral application of PBMT was associated with a lower incidence of values on the VAS scale greater than 5 over a 3-day period. Conclusion: Dual wavelength PBMT (λ 660nm/808nm) was beneficial for postoperative management after third molar extraction.