Prescrições antimicrobianas para cães com doenças respiratórias: um estudo retrospectivo no hospital veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia

Abstract

The prescription of antimicrobials is commonly practiced in the treatment of respiratory diseases in dogs. However, the inappropriate or indiscriminate use of these drugs can lead to the development of bacterial resistance, representing a significant threat to public health. The present study aimed to identify which antimicrobials are most frequently prescribed in the treatment of respiratory diseases in dogs, and to verify if they are in compliance with current guidelines and recommendations. A descriptive retrospective study was carried out using a documentary approach, using the internal records of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia (HOVET-UFU). From an analysis of 100 medical records, it was observed that antimicrobials were prescribed for 47 dogs (47%), and 53 dogs (53%) were not prescribed antimicrobials. After the analysis, it was observed that the three most used prescriptions according to all cases and conditions were doxycillin, amoxicillin and amoxicillin followed by enrofloxacin. It was found that some patient files did not contain important information, such as blood count and body temperature, covering 4.3% and 12.8% of cases, respectively. With regard to culture and antibiogram prescriptions, in relation to the 47 records with antimicrobial prescription, only one included the request for this exam, representing 2.1% of cases. These findings call attention to the importance of a more judicious approach in the prescription of antimicrobials in respiratory diseases in dogs or in the recording of this information, seeking to avoid unnecessary use and promote a more responsible veterinary practice.