Desenvolvimento de genótipos de feijoeiro comum, grupo diversos, no inverno, em Uberlândia-MG

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is an annual plant that can be classified as a climber or a creeper. Its main characteristic is indeterminate growth and the presence of pods ranging from 9 to 12 cm in length, which can contain 3 to 7 seeds. The cultivation of this crop has stood out due to the high global demand for this food and, above all, its ability to adapt to different climatic conditions and soil types, allowing year-round cultivation. In light of this, the present study aimed to analyze the agronomic performance of common bean genotypes from diverse groups during the winter in Uberlândia, MG. The experiment was conducted at the Água Limpa Experimental Farm, owned by the Federal University of Uberlândia, located at geographical coordinates 48° 21' 04" W and 19° 06' 09" S, with an average altitude of 800 meters. The experimental design used was randomized complete blocks (RCB), consisting of 18 treatments with 3 replications, totaling 54 plots. Each plot consisted of 4 rows spaced 0.5 m apart and 4 meters in length, resulting in a total area of 8 m2. The seeds of the genotypes (treatments) were sown with 60 seeds per row, that is, 15 seeds per linear meter, totaling 240 seeds per plot. Harvesting was done only in the two central rows (4 m2), while the other two rows were considered borders. Furthermore, this study is part of the Value for Cultivation and Use (VCU) trials developed by Embrapa Rice and Beans in different regions of Brazil. The analyzed variables were pods per plant, grains per pod, 100-grain weight, and productivity (kg ha-1). The obtained data were subjected to analysis of variance using the F-test, and for mean comparison, the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level was used. The treatments did not show significant differences for the characteristics of pods per plant and productivity. However, there was a significant difference in the number of grains per pod, with VR23 standing out, and for the characteristic of 100-grain weight, there was also a significant difference, with BRS CNFRJ 15592 genotype showing greater increments compared to the other genotypes studied.