Aves de cativeiro podem excretar sorotipos de E. coli multirresistentes causadores de diarreia

Abstract

Free-living birds are considered reservoirs of several diseases, including zoonotic ones. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate and characterize the presence of zoonotic pathogens (Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp.) and important pathogens for the National Poultry Health Program (Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae) in wild and exotic birds and of captivity and evaluate the potential risk of these pathogens for birds and humans. For the execution of the project, pool samples of bird feces were collected, in two different places, the Laboratory of Teaching in Wild Animals (LAPAS), belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia - UFU (place where wild and exotic birds, victims of apprehensions, donations and accidents) and in a commercial breeding of exotic parrots located in Santa Cruz das Palmeiras - SP, for a period of 4 consecutive weeks. In none of the samples was Campylobacter spp or Salmonella spp isolated. There was also no identification of M. gallisepticum and M. snoviae. As expected, E. coli confirmed by biochemical tests were isolated in 11 samples, however, only 9 were confirmed by PCR, which were later characterized in which 11.11% (1/9) was enteroinvasive and 66, 66% (6/9) was enteropathogenic. In the study, 8 different antibiotics comprising 5 different classes were used: Ampicillin (AMP), from the Penicillin class, Azithromycin (AZI), a Macrolide, Ceftriaxone (CRO) and Ceftiofur (CTF), 3rd generation Cephalosporins, Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Norfloxacin (NOR) and Levofloxacin (NOR) belonging to Quinolones and Polymyxin B (POLY B). A total of 66.66% (6/9) of the isolated E. coli were classified as multiresistant. Resistance occurred only in bacteria isolated in LAPAS. The highest level of resistance was to quinolones. This work shows that some selection pressure promoted resistance to antimicrobials in E. coli isolated from wild and exotic birds, victims of apprehensions, donations, and accidents and that these bacteria, in addition to their zoonotic potential, can disseminate virulence genes, leading to a problem of public health.