Bioestimulantes no desenvolvimento do feijoeiro comum

Abstract

Brazil is one of the largest bean producers in the world, the grain being a staple of the Brazilian diet and an important source of protein for the population. In this way, the use of biostimulants can be a possibility to increase the productivity and final quality of the common bean, which the application of these enhance the physiological and nutritional characteristics and promote the development of the culture. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of two commercial biostimulants on the development of the common bean crop, cultivar BRS Pérola from the Bean Carioca commercial group. The experiment was carried out in the spring-summer of 2022/2023, where it was installed in a greenhouse at CADEM (ICIAG Demonstration Field), in the experimental area of Campus Glória of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). The design used was in randomized blocks, consisting of 8 treatments, with the treatments consisting of different combinations (T1 - Control; T2 - Stimulate (Seed treatment); T3 - Phylgreen gemma (TS); T4 - Stimulate + Phylgreen Gemma (TS ); T5 – Stimulate (Foliar); T6 – Stimulate (TS + Foliar); T7 – Phylgreen Gemma (TS) + Stimulate (Foliar); T8 – Stimulate + Phylgreen Gemma (TS) + Stimulate (Foliar), involving four repetitions. Thirty-two pots with a capacity of 8 dm-3 of soil were used, in which ten seeds were sown per pot three centimeters deep and after fifteen days of emergence eight plants were thinned, leaving two plants in each pot to be subjected to the evaluations. The data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), at the levels of 5% and 1% by the Tukey mean comparison test. After 32 days of culture development, when the plants had four completely developed leaves (stage V4), Stimulate was applied via foliar application in the respective treatments 5 to 8. However, in the period from 32 to 47 days of crop development, the first assessment of plant height was performed. Consequently, after this 15-day interval, the second evaluation of fresh and dry mass of the aerial part, fresh and dry mass of the root system of two plants/pot was carried out. The application of Stimulate in the seed treatment associated with Stimulate via the bean leaf showed the best response for all evaluations. The use of Phylgreen Gemma in seed treatment did not differ statistically from the treatment with Stimulate via seed + via foliar in the evaluations of fresh and dry mass of the shoot and root system. The use of Stimulate and Phylgreen gemma biostimulants associated or isolated, showed better performance when compared to the control.